Edit Boot Options in Windows Vista. Geoff Chappell - Software Analyst A machine on which Windows Vista is installed may present a Windows Boot Manager. Throw Back Track 3 USB build onto a thumb drive pop it in boot from that. From there you can root pretty much any box. Funny thing is the only way to counter act that. Safe Mode enables people who use Microsoft Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and. VMLite VBoot 2.0 Instructions. Copyright © 2011, VMLite Corporation. Download and Extract; Install VBoot Loader; Chainloading from. How to Disable New Metro Boot Loader and Restore Classic Boot Loader in Windows 8 and Later? UPDATE: This tutorial will also work in Windows 8.1 and later. Easy BCD edit; structured view of complete BCD; create and edit every BCD option. Visual BCD Editor is an advanced graphical user interface (GUI) version of Windows. When the current selection in this menu corresponds. Windows Vista, the menu advises that the F8 key may be pressed. Doing so calls up an. Advanced Boot Options menu. There is also an Edit. Boot Options menu, reachable by pressing F1. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Microsoft scarcely documents it. Once done, whenever this. Windows Boot Manager menu, the WINLOAD. EXE that runs. for the selected operating system starts by presenting the Edit Boot Options menu. For instance, a search of microsoft. F1. 0” produces no matches (today, 2. May 2. 00. 7). But. HTML resources embedded in the BOOTMGR and WINLOAD. EXE. files. Though users ordinarily interact with boot options as Boot Configuration Data. BCD) to be manipulated with the BCDEDIT. EXE tool, the Edit Boot Options menu works. BOOT. INI switches, with additions for. Windows Vista. BCD elements are understood only by boot applications such as BOOTMGR. WINLOAD, not by the kernel, which continues to work with command- line switches. BOOT. INI file. The Edit Boot Options menu indicates the selected boot entry by showing its friendly. Beneath this is an area in which options for the selected boot. Reported Options What the Edit Boot Options menu shows for the options is the string of simulated. BOOT. INI switches that the loader will eventually convert to upper case and pass. In many cases, one BCD element with one value translates to one simulated. BOOT. INI switch. In some cases, translation of a BCD element depends on its combination. BCD elements. Some of the translated boot options are not described by. BCD Element Value Additional Conditions Representation in Edit Boot Options Menu baudratenumdebug is true and debugtype is Serial. BAUDRATE=numbootdebugtrue /BOOTDEBUGbootlogtrue /BOOTLOGchannelnumdebug is true and debugtype is 1. CHANNEL=numclustermodeaddressingnum /MAXPROCSPERCLUSTER=numconfigaccesspolicy. Disallow. Mm. Config (1) /CONFIGACCESSPOLICY=DISALLOWMMCONFIGanything else /CONFIGACCESSPOLICY=DEFAULTconfigflagsnum /CONFIGFLAG=numdebugfalse /NODEBUGtrue debugstart is Auto. Enable. (1) and noumex is true /DEBUG=AUTOENABLE,NOUMEXdebugstart is Auto. Enable. (1) /DEBUG=AUTOENABLEdebugstart is Disable. DEBUG=DISABLE,NOUMEXdebugstart is Disable. DEBUG=DISABLEnoumex is true /DEBUG=NOUMEXotherwise /DEBUGdebugportnumdebug is true and debugtype is Serial. DEBUGPORT=COMnumdebugtype. DEBUGPORT=1. 39. 4USB (2) debug is true /DEBUGPORT=USBdetecthaltrue /DETECTHALemstrue /REDIRECTexportascdtrue /RDEXPORTASCDfirstmegabytepolicy. Use. All (1) /FIRSTMEGABYTEPOLICY=USEALLUse. Private (2) /FIRSTMEGABYTEPOLICY=USEPRIVATEanything else /FIRSTMEGABYTEPOLICY=USENONEhalstr /HAL=strhalbreakpointtrue /BREAKincreaseuservanum /USERVA=numkernelstr /KERNEL=strkeyringaddressnum /FVEBOOT=numloadoptionsoptions optionsmaxproctrue /MAXPROCmsi. Force. Disable (1) /MSIPOLICY=FORCEDISABLEanything else /MSIPOLICY=DEFAULTnointegritycheckstrue /DISABLE. The integer value for firstmegabytepolicy. For. debugtype, any value other than 0, 1 or 2 is an error. The affected switches are: /RDIMAGELENGTH=num/RDIMAGEOFFSET=num/RDPATH=str. Not all BCD elements are translated. Many don’t need to be, since they matter. Some that are translated, such as. HAL). This. is surely for the protection of users, who might otherwise get integrity checks. DISABLE. Editable Options The active options, presented as simulated BOOT. INI switches, may be removed. Note however that some options may have been acted on already, so that. Edit Boot Options menu need not work exactly. BCD store. Indeed, it need not work at all. Some of the BOOT. INI options in the edited string are translated back to BCD. WINLOAD. Mostly, one BOOT. INI option translates to one BCD option, but. The whole string is set as the updated value of. Some, perhaps even many, details remain. Edited Option BCD Elements Value 3. GBincreaseuservanum from USERVA=num. BAUDRATE=numbaudratenum. BOOTDEBUGbootdebugtrue CHANNEL=numchannelnum. CMDCONSbpbstringcmdcons. CONFIGACCESSPOLICY=DEFAULTconfigaccesspolicy. Default (0) CONFIGACCESSPOLICY=DISALLOWMMCONFIGconfigaccesspolicy. Disallow. Mm. Config (1) DEBUGdebugtrue DEBUGPORT=COMndebugtype. Serial (0) debugportn. DEBUGPORT=1. 39. 4debugtype. DEBUGPORT=USBdebugtype. USB (2) DETECTHALdetecthaltrue DISABLE. An option is considered present at its first occurrence. Also, an option need not be preceded by a forward slash or even by white space. The num placeholder. An empty. num is permitted, and evaluates as zero. In the. MAXMEM option, num. The. str placeholder stands for any number of characters. Where an equals sign is shown for the BAUDRATE option. Behaviour is undefined if. BAUDRATE ends the input. Where an equals sign is shown. DEBUGPORT options, any one or more characters. Behaviour is undefined if DEBUGPORT. The equals sign is required for the REDIRECT. COMn. If there is no such. Removing a Dual Boot in Windows. Posted January 3. William. This is your first step in removing the boot option screen and second OS installation. Use the following steps to remove a dual boot: 1. Right- click on My Computer, and select Properties. Move to the Advanced tab. Under Startup and Recovery, select Settings. If you wish to leave the OS on the machine but not see the option screen, you can simply set the . Otherwise, if the removal of the OS is your goal, then click edit. First save a copy of the Notepad file which opens . Check that your default line points to XP, as it does above. Then erase the line with the other OS, in this case DOS 7. Please note that the entire line of code to be removed may be more than one line in Notepad. Save the file. 8. If everything looks correct, you can delete the folder associated with the OS that you wish to delete. If any mistakes occur, load back into your existing OS, copy the old boot. This is a follow up to the tech- recipe regarding the installation of XP on a laptop without a floppy/cd drive.
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How to Take Ownership and Grant Permissions in Windows Vista. In Windows Vista, occasionally you may need to take ownership of certain files that not belong to you, and then assign read, write, modify, traverse, or full control permissions to yourself. If you’re the administrator for the Vista system, then you can easily do it by following these steps. In Windows Explorer window, locate the files or folders that you want to take ownership and grant access permissions. Right click on the file or directory. Click on “Properties” on the right click menu. Click on “Security” tab. Click on “Advanced” button at the bottom. In Advanced Security Settings dialog window, click on “Owner” tab. Here you will be able to see current owner (i. ![]() Trusted. Installer). To take ownership of the object, click on the Edit button. Give permission to UAC. Then highlight the user name in the “Change owner to” box that you want to assign as the owner for the object. Click “OK” to finish the process. Back in Advanced Security Settings window, you will see the current owner has changed to the user you just selected. Click “OK” button to exit this window. Click “OK” again to exit completely from the Properties window. ![]() A lot of files and folders in Windows Vista does not actually belongs to users. Rather, most system files have “Trusted Installer” as owner, the assign or grant. By default, Windows Defender that is integrated into the Microsoft operating system cannot be uninstalled. Here we show you how to disable or turn it off manually or. By Dan Gookin. Sometimes, you need to run a program as the administrator in Windows 7 or Windows Vista. Running a program as administrator means that the program has. Repeat step 1 to 4 to open the object’s Properties window again. Back in object’s Properties window, click on Edit button, and confirm the UAC elevation request. Highlight the Administrators in the “Group or user names” box. If the user ID or group that you want to manage the permissions for the object doesn’t exist, click on “Add” button, and type in the user name or group name desired into the “Enter object names to select” box, and finish off by clicking on “OK”. In the Permissions for Administrators box below (or any other user name or group name you chose), click on “Full Control” under the “Allow” column to assign full access rights control permissions to Administrators group. ![]() Click “OK” twice when done. You can do whatever you like to the files or directories processed as above. Update: How to Take Ownership and Gain Full Control Permissions in Windows. What is Msmpeng. exe and How to Remove It. Has your processor been at 1. If you went to the Task Manager in Windows and looked at your processes tab, you may have noticed a process called msmpeng. CPU. So what is msmpeng. ![]() Well, unlike what you may have read elsewhere, it is not spyware or malware. It’s actually quite ironic because it’s associated with Windows Defender, the anti- spyware product from Microsoft. Unfortunately, this crappy piece of software is already installed on Windows Vista and it also comes with Windows Live One Care. There are two ways to stop msmpeng. Windows Defender directory from scanning or simply turn off Windows Defender. Exclude directory for scanning. If you would like to keep using Windows Defender, then your only chance of fixing the high processor usage issue is to prevent the Windows Defender directory from being scanned. Apparently, the service scans it’s self and therefore eats up all the CPU. Open Windows Defender, click on Tools and then Options. Now scroll down to the Advanced Options section: Now click on the add button under the “Do not scan these files or locations” section. Now type in the path for the Windows Defender directory: c: \program files\windows defender. Click OK and now make sure to click the Save button. Hopefully this will fix your high CPU usage error with Windows Defender. Also be sure to read my post on how to customize all the options for Windows Defender like what stuff to monitor in real- time, etc. Turn off Windows Defender. The other option is to simply turn off Windows Defender, which I think is a better idea anyway. There are lots of other spyware programs out there that are much better than Windows Defender. To turn off Windows Defender, open the program and click on Options. Now go to Administrator options and uncheck the Use Windows Defender box. Make sure to click Save. So that’s it! If you’re still having troubles, post a comment here. Download Acrobat Reader 6. Windows. Old. Version. Points System. When you upload software to oldversion. For every field that is filled out correctly, points will be. So why not upload a peice software today, share with others and get rewarded! ![]() Acrobat Reader Description. Acrobat Reader is a type of freeware developed by Adobe systems as a.pdf reader (Portable Document Format). Users can view, print and. Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is a software program developed by Adobe Systems. The most common release is 15.008.20082, with over 98% of all installations currently using. Adobe Acrobat Reader DC software is the free global standard for reliably viewing, printing, and commenting on PDF documents. And now, it's connected to the Adobe. Adobe Acrobat Reader X (version 10 full standalone installation) driver download. All the latest manufacturer's drivers available for free from Software Patch. More powerful than other PDF software, Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is the free, trusted standard for viewing, printing, and annotating PDFs. And now, it’s connected to. It is a family of software, some commercial and some free of. Download Latest version of Adobe Reader for Windows 10 (64/32 bit). Adobe Reader is the most popular program in the world for viewing creating managing and. ![]() ![]() Adobe Acrobat is a family of application software and Web services developed by Adobe Systems to view, create, manipulate, print and manage files in Portable Document. Adobe Reader 9.1 System Requirements Windows. Intel® 1.3 GHz processor; Microsoft® Windows® 2000 with Service Pack 4, Windows Server® 20; Windows XP. Watch this video to learn how the new interface and tools in Acrobat Reader can help you work easily and efficiently with your documents. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() How to Restart Windows in Safe Mode. Need to get into Safe Mode on your Windows PC? If you’re not able to boot your computer normally, you can try to enter safe mode, a diagnostic mode for Windows that lets you troubleshoot problems that prevent normal booting. In Safe Mode, Windows only loads the most essential services and drivers in order for it to run. This content requires Adobe Flash Player, which is not supported by your device. This content can be viewed on a desktop computer or on mobile devices that support. ![]() All other normal Windows settings and start up programs are disabled in order to allow the user to fix the problem with their computer. In this guide, I am going to go through the steps to get into Safe Mode in Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8. Windows 1. 0. Note that if you installed a driver or just recently made a configuration change to your computer, you may want to try the “Last Known Good Configuration” before going into safe mode in Windows 7, Vista and XP. Last Known Good Configuration loads the last working version of Windows. However, it is replaced each time you log into the computer, so if a problem has occurred, make sure to try this option BEFORE logging onto the computer again. In Windows 8 and Windows 1. De nieuwste windows-10 kun je hier door microsoft laten installeren.Update nu: Windows10Upgrade9252.exe Je computer direct. All files are in their original form. No installers, download-managers or third party adware. Everyday AlotPorn adds tons of new fresh free porn videos. Every movie is tagged and categorized for optimal tube porn videos viewing pleasure. Shockwave and Flash Player 11.5.9.615 (Complete Standalone Installer) driver download. All the latest manufacturer's drivers available for free from Software Patch. Last Known option is no longer included. Instead, they have other options like Refresh, Reset (Reinstall), Restore, etc. Today I’m thrilled to announce that Adobe Flash Player 10.1 is now available for Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems. You can get it now. Adobe Flash Player 17 beta for desktops drives innovation for rich, engaging digital experiences with new features for cross-platform browser-based viewing of. FLASH PLAYER on WINDOWS (needs to be revised for Windows 10) My Recommendation: (last updated Feb 15, 2015) Windows users should only use Flash in the Chrome browser.I’ll go into more details below in the Windows 8/1. Also note that there are three types of Safe Mode, so read the descriptions below to figure out which one is best for you. Safe Mode – The basic option that loads Windows with a GUI interface and is usually what most people should choose when troubleshooting their computer. Safe Mode with Networking – If you need access to the Internet or the network while in Safe mode, then this is the option to choose. This mode is useful when you need to fix a problem that requires an Internet connection so that you can download updates, drivers, or other files to help fix your problem. Safe Mode with Command Prompt – This mode will load with just the MS DOS command line prompt. This is useful if you need to run a DOS command like fixboot or chkdsk. Safe Mode in Windows XP/Vista/7. To get into the Safe Mode in Windows XP, Vista or 7, re- boot the computer and then press and hold the “F8 Key” which will then bring up the “Windows Advanced Options Menu“. Scroll down to “Safe Mode” using the arrow keys and press Enter. Note that sometimes if you press and hold the F8 key, some computers will start to beep annoyingly, so in that case, simply hold the F8 key continuously during the boot up period. If you are still not able to get into Safe Mode, you can try to kill the power on the computer to turn it off and then turn it back on. If Windows shuts down unexpectedly, it will usually bring up the Advanced Boot Options menu automatically. If that doesn’t work, you can read my previous post on getting into Safe Mode if F8 is not working. This method, however, requires you to be able to log into Windows in order to tell it to boot into safe mode on the next restart. Safe Mode in Windows 8/1. In Windows 8 and Windows 1. The F8 key no longer works because the boot process is too fast. The only way to get into safe mode is to boot into System Recovery Options, which is where you can perform various troubleshooting tasks including starting in safe mode. I’ve already written about how to boot to the Windows 8 System Recovery Options screen, but the process is slightly different for Windows 1. I’ll mention it here. In Windows 1. 0, there are two ways to get to the recovery options screen. Firstly, you can click on the new Start button, which is back again in a different form, and then hold down the SHIFT key and click on the power button. While still holding down the SHIFT key, click on Restart. The other way is the same as Windows 8, but it just looks a bit different. Click on the Start button and then click on Settings as shown above. This will bring up a new Settings dialog that basically replaces the PC Settings dialog in Windows 8. Here you will click on Update & recovery. Now you’ll see the options to refresh your PC, reinstall everything or restart in advanced startup mode. At this point, the process to get into Safe Mode in Windows 8 or Windows 1. You’ll now see three options: Continue, Troubleshoot and Turn off your PC. Now just follow the instructions on my article on booting to safe mode in Windows 8. You basically click on Troubleshoot and go from there. Windows 8 and Windows 1. If you have any questions about getting into safe mode on any version of Windows, feel free to post a comment. ![]() Gigabyte GA- F2. A8. XN- WIFI FM2+ Mini ITX AMD Motherboard GA- F2. A8. 8XN- WIFIMicro Center 1. 7th Generation iPod shuffle comes in space gray and supports AAC, AAX, AIFF, Apple Lossless, Audible, 2, 3, 4; Has USB 2.0 and 0.125" stereo headphone interface for. The NETGEAR N600 WiFi Cable Modem Router with N600 simultaneous dual band router and integrated DOCSIS 3.0 cable modem provides 8x faster download speeds. USA.com provides easy to find states, metro areas, counties, cities, zip codes, and area codes information, including population, races, income, housing, school. How to Connect USB Devices to iPad Connect USB Devices to Your iPad With These Accessories Share Pin Email. USB Adapters save you time and money in converting one type of usb connector to another. Cyberguys offers a huge variety of legacy and the latest adapters. The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose pocket computers . The first version was released. Day Return Policy. We guarantee your satisfaction on every product we sell with a full refund — and you won’t even need a receipt.* We want you to be satisfied with your Micro Center purchase. However, if you need help or need to return an item, we’re here for you! If an item you have purchased from us is not working as expected, please visit one of our in- store Knowledge Experts for free help, where they can solve your problem or even exchange the item for a product that better suits your needs. If you need to return an item, simply bring it back to any Micro Center store for a full refund or exchange.*If you are a Micro Center Insider or if you have provided us with validated contact information (name, address, email address), you won’t even need your receipt. ![]() Desktop / notebook computers, tablets, processors, motherboards, digital cameras, camcorders and projectors, 3. D printers, 3. D scanners, and CD/DVD duplicators may be returned within 1. All other products may be returned within 3. Merchandise must be in new condition, with original carton/UPC, and all packaging/accessories/materials. If you need to return software, a game or a movie, remember that you may not retain any copies — it’s not legal, and it’s not nice. Wireless Phones & Devices. Wireless phones and devices may be returned within 1. When returning a wireless phone or device with a plan, you are responsible for ensuring that your service is cancelled with the carrier. If you don’t cancel your service, you may incur additional charges from your carrier. All carrier charges are your responsibility. Next Thing Co Documentation. Introduction. Welcome to Next Thing Co documentation. Welcome to The CHIP Operating System. We made a computer. A $9 computer. And every computer needs an operating system. Ours is The CHIP Operating System. Grab an old TV (or any screen with a composite video input), a keyboard and mouse, and stick some electricity in the micro USB port. In a few seconds, you’ll have CHIP’s operating system on your screen, ready to do computer things. CHIP is built for making - we’ve packed a powerful processor, 4 GB of storage, stereo audio, video out, and lots of connections for playing and making your projects and products. The CHIP Operating System is built for doing: browse the . And because it’s based on the popular Linux Debian, if there’s something you need, you can probably install it. So how do use this thing? Let’s get started. Start CHIP. Boot CHIP. First things first. ![]() Let’s boot CHIP into the CHIP Operating System and do some computer things! Add some power, turn on the wireless network, and even connect a bluetooth keyboard to get rid of those annoying cables. Power Up. The single most important thing to using any electronic device is getting electricity to the right places. We’re going to cover how to turn CHIP “on”. This might seem so straightforward that it doesn’t deserve several paragraphs, but CHIP is pretty clever, so there’s actually a few things worth knowing. What’s It Need? In general, CHIP is powered by a 5- volt source like a USB port or phone charger, and draws about 5. A peak (at boot time), runs on around 2. A, and rests with around 8. A with the processor totally unloaded. To make sure you have enough headroom, we recommend that you use a 5v power supply with 2 Amps current available (you could go as low as 9. ![]() Shop for wifi antenna at Best Buy. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up. Vital Statistics. OBDKey WLAN is a vehicle interface providing a WiFi / Wireless Lan / WLAN radio interface for devices that have a WiFi compatible. Buying an iPhone 5, a new iPad, or a new iPod? We break down what Apple's first new dock connector in nine years means for speaker docks, charging docks, and other. ![]() A, but you risk brown- outs). This may be more than you need to know if you just want to plug it in to the wall, but, as you build projects with CHIP, you’ll be happy to know there’s a lot of ways to get the electricity flowing. How Do I Know CHIP Is On? CHIP is silent. It doesn’t take much energy, so it’s not very hot. It has no discernible smell. As a result, many of your senses are not great indicators that it is working. There are two LEDs next to the USB micro connector. When CHIP is on, you should see the PWR LED light up nice and bright. Power From The Wall. The CHIP’s micro. USB connector is used to provide power from most any USB power source. USB wall- wart adapters are probably littered all over your house. If for some reason you don’t have one, you can buy one at any electronics retailer. We recommend a 5. V powersupply with 2 Amps current available. Just plug a USB- A- to- micro. USB- B cable (that’s the same cable most phones, tablets, and whatnot use to charge) into the wall- wart and CHIP, and you’ll see the PWR LED light up. This CHIP is using the power from a computer’s USB port: Power From A Battery. CHIP can also be battery powered. This is an official Powerbookmedic.com take-apart guide for the 4th generation iPod Touch with model number A1367. Specifically, any single cell (1. S) 3. 7. V Lithium Polymer (Li. Po) battery with a 2- pin JST- PH 2. JST- PH socket. The JST can only plug it in one way: if you are having a hard time lining things up, turn it around! Needless to say, do not force the battery connector into the socket if something doesn’t feel right! If you have added a connector to your own battery, make sure you have the JST wired correctly: the (- ) connection should be on the outside edge of CHIP. What’s really great is that if you plug in to a charger and plug in a battery, the battery will charge - all the power management is on CHIP itself. Roughly, it takes about four to six hours to charge a 3. Ah Li. Po battery from a 5. V 2. A power source. Also, our delightful little Power Management IC, the AXP2. CHIP is basically running on a un- interruped power supply – If charge power fails, CHIP seamlessly switches onto battery power without shutting off. ![]() Now you’re ready to connect CHIP to a screen, keyboard and mouse or even work on CHIP from another computer. Button. There is a tiny tiny button on CHIP next to pin header U1. ![]() CHIP on or off. If CHIP is off and connected to a power source, hold down the button for one second to power it up. To turn CHIP off (rather brutally), hold the button for 1. We recommend using the operating system to power CHIP off, but if you need to, you can use this button. ![]() Connect To Wi. Fi. Connecting to a Wi. Fi network is easy using the Wi. Fi icon the top right system tray. Just select a network to initiate a connection. If the network requires a password you’ll be prompted for it. You can also set up Wi- Fi from the command line. If you need more control and information over your network connection, use the Settings- > Network Connections panel to show your connections. Double click on a connection to bring up the connection editor: Connect Bluetooth. Bluetooth device setup can be accessed using the Bluetooth icon in the top right system tray. When you begin a connection, you’ll be guided through the necessary steps to connect to your device. For example, when you pair with a keyboard, you’ll often be prompted for a code to enter to ensure a unique connection. Once you have paired a device, future connections will usually be automatic when the devices are in range and powered up. You can manage, and also connect to, your devices using the the Bluetooth Devices panel, accessed from the Bluetooth system tray: Using The Terminal. One of the great powers of Linux is the so- called “command- line.” This simple text interface for computing unveils many of the gears and levers that make a computer tick. Many find it easier to get things done, as it is a focused and terse way to interact with the computer. When you first use the Terminal Emulator program, you may quickly find that you do not have permission to do something. That is because many commands are safely reserved for “root” access, and you are automatically logged in as the “chip” user. Don’t fear: you can often use the sudo command and use the default password chip to execute these restricted commands. Finally, it is probably wise to change the default password on your CHIP. You can do with withpasswd. Don’t forget it!! If you are such a fan of the command line, you may want to boot with out the desktop and window system. Instructions for that are here. Terminal for Beginners Glossary. One of the great things about Linux is the terminal application. You can simply add - h to get some hints on how to use a command, such as cp - h or you can read a manual page using man cp. Most unix commands have a variety of options that can be executed in the command with flags, such as ls - l - a. Even better, search the internet! This primer is simply here to help you understand what a command might be doing, not to help you use it to its full ability. Some options are ls - l to list in long format to provide information about permissions, size, and date. Ex: mv this. one that. Ex: cp this. one this. Add directories for more fun: cp ~/Pictures/Vacation/saturn. Users/otherone/Pictures/Vacation/saturn. Use the - r to make it recursive to delete a directory. Ex: rm this. one deletes that file. You’ll see sudo as the first word in a lot of commands - all it is doing is giving the command the necessary access. You’ll be asked for a password the first time you use sudo. The default password and user is “chip”. Debian Linux systems, such as the CHIP Operating System. And so on. pwd present working directory. In case you forget where you are. Not much to it: pwd will output the directory name, such as /Users/home/chip/Pictures/Vacation/grep a tool used for searching through files. It’s quite deep and can be complicated, but if you see the word grep in some command, you know it’s searching for a match. Merge files: cat append. Overwrite: echo . Display text in file: cat showit. Create: cat > new. Ex: less longtext. Use the space bar to view the next page. Type q to exit. nano a text editor. You’ll often see commands that call nano so you can edit a configuration. Ex: nano /etc/avahi/services/afpd. Apple file service file. Ex: find ~/Documents - name particular. Documents directory. Used for file permissions, which can be important when sharing things on the network, scripting actions, and many more reasons. If things seem slow, or you want to see how much CPU or memory a program is using, just type htop to see a table of all running processes, then type q when you want to exit. Ex: scp Pictures/Vacation/motel. Pictures/Vacation/accident. Pictures copies a couple jpegs to another computer on the network. Ex: ssh chip@chip. CHIP on a local network. CTRL C if you can’t use the terminal because a process is taking too long, type CTRL- C on your keyboard to cancel the most recent command. Connecting Accessories. CHIP has a lot of connectors, some for building, some for doing normal computer things. This section covers the normal computer things, like audio, video, and input. Recommended Accessories. CHIP is a minimal computer. Many CHIP users may never connect common peripherals, instead using CHIP as a “headless” computer. We recommend: Bluetooth Keyboard. USB mouse. Monitor with a composite video input. USB cable: USB- A to micro. USB- BTRRS to RCA connector. A, 5. V USB power supply. Additionally, some of the advanced tutorials require: Speakers with RCA audio input. Jumper wire. USB to UART cable. Single cell Lithium Polymer battery. Powered USB Hub. You’ll find that a simple powered USB hub is pretty essential if you want to use a lot of USB devices with CHIP. If you don’t have a powered USB port, you’ll quickly max out power if you attach too many accessories. Keyboard and Mouse. Many keyboards have USB hubs built- in, so you can attach a mouse to the keyboard, attach the keyboard to CHIP, and immediately have control. However, it’s likely the two will draw too much current, so you’ll want to connect to a powered hub before you connect. Bluetooth Keyboard and Mouse. As you know, CHIP has built- in bluetooth. The Best Wi- Fi Mesh- Networking Kits for Most People. Thanks to a dedicated high- bandwidth Wi- Fi connection between the base and the satellite, the Orbi kit had the best throughput and range of the kits we tested, even with only two units to the other kits’ three. The simple “Put the router where the Internet is, put the satellite in the middle of your house” instructions are impossible to screw up, and the two- unit setup also means that your laptops or phones spend less time shifting from one access point to another—or, worse, not reconnecting when they should. For the tech- savvy, Netgear’s Orbi is the only mesh kit we tested that provides the features of a high- end router, from port forwarding to static routing, along with plenty of Ethernet ports on both units; it’s also one of the few that don’t require an Internet connection to set up or control your network. Orbi is the mesh kit that’s most like a router- and- extender combo, without the drawbacks that usually come with that setup. If the Netgear Orbi RBK5. Internet connection at one end and you don’t want a Plume pod in every room, consider Eero. It’s not quite as fast or easy to set up as Orbi, but it blanketed our test environment in usable Wi- Fi and has improved much since we originally tested it in late 2. Eero nodes are typically available in a three- unit kit, with each physically identical, inoffensively styled, low- profile node designed to sit flat on a shelf or desk. Each Eero node has two wired Ethernet ports and can connect in single- hop (“star”) or multi- hop (“tree”) topologies, or plug directly into your wired network if you have jacks available where you want to place them. ![]() A six- pack of tiny Plume pods is cheaper than an Orbi two- pack and covers about the same area, and a three- pack is fine for small spaces. Plume doesn’t offer Orbi’s overwhelming signal strength, and its throughput isn’t the fastest at short range, but it is consistent throughout an entire house, and its impressively low network latency is noticeable in day- to- day use. Plume also doesn’t have as many advanced networking features as Orbi does, but many people don’t need those. Setup is particularly easy: Put a pod in every room (or every other room, in bigger houses), and let Plume’s cloud optimizer figure out how to connect them together. If you have a single- story house that’s smaller than, say, 2,0. For about a quarter of the price of most of the mesh offerings we tried, our router pick, the TP- Link Archer C7, will bathe the vast majority of houses or apartments in a good signal. In our testing, the Archer C7 performed as well as or better than even the best mesh kits in every location aside from our big problem areas in the half- basement, on the wrong side of a foundation slab. ![]() ![]() Table of contents. Why you should trust us. I’ve been professionally testing and deploying wired and wireless networking gear in homes and businesses for the better part of 2. I’ve also written feature articles on networking and storage for Ars Technica and Opensource. For this guide, I supplemented my own observations with reviews from Small. Net. Builder and CNET, as well as calls directly to engineers or founders at Netgear, Luma, Ampli. Fi, Plume, and Eero. I also checked Amazon reviews and Reddit threads, and I solicited the opinions of a few other network professionals. Finally, I spent most of a day per kit testing for throughput, latency, features, and general user experience in a challenging physical environment that cries out for multiple- access- point networking to solve its issues. Who this is for. In my experience, complaints about Wi- Fi come in two basic flavors: “Why does using the Internet stink in this room?” and “Why is it so slow to copy these files?” Both of those problems have more to do with coverage and latency (how long it takes for your inputs to reach the other end of the connection) than with raw speed—a solid 5- megabits- per- second connection with low, consistent latency will feel a lot faster and more reliable than an iffy, inconsistent 2. Mbps. Installing a mesh- networking kit will almost certainly solve both problems, but it won’t be the most affordable choice, and it won’t always be the best solution for a particular house. You should consider a mesh- networking kit if you have a house that a single powerful router can’t cover, such as a large house (say, above 3,0. But before you toss everything out and get a mesh- networking kit, you should try moving your router to a central location. Or if you already have a good router that you like, and you need just a little more range in part of your house, you could consider adding a wireless extender, though the quality of those devices varies extremely widely. Mesh doesn’t really start to shine until you don’t have wires, don’t want wires, and have lots of trouble spots (or one really big trouble spot) with poor or no coverage. Mesh doesn’t really start to shine until you don’t have wires, don’t want wires, and have lots of trouble spots (or one really big trouble spot) with poor or no coverage. Typically a mesh kit won’t make your network faster than a decent connection to an 8. TP- Link Archer C7, our recommendation in our stand- alone Wi- Fi router guide, when we had a good connection to the router. Luckily, there's a trick to reveal your iPhone's true. These applications often report signal strength and quality based on a percentage from zero to 100 percent and additional detail tailored specifically to the vendor's. However, mesh can offer better coverage in a wider area, which will make your connection feel faster because your devices aren’t grabbing at faint wisps of signal. A network with multiple access points, like a mesh, can also sometimes handle a large number of devices (smartphones, tablets, laptops, and so forth) better than a single Wi- Fi router can—though very few homes or even small businesses will have more devices than a single good Wi- Fi router can handle. Some mesh kits offer family- friendly features—such as Luma’s network filtering or Eero’s “family pause”—that are generally easier to use than similar features in traditional routers. Ease of setup is what really sets mesh apart from other Wi- Fi approaches. Adding a traditional network extender to your existing network might involve familiarizing yourself with the UI of a different brand than your current router, configuring it to work the way you want it to, and then praying that it does. ![]() Meanwhile, a mesh- networking kit promises to simply work, and the company behind it promises to support the whole thing if you have trouble. How we picked and tested. In the future we may need to rule out kits by speed, specs, or price, but with so few home mesh- networking kits currently for sale, we’ve so far been able to test everything available (not just announced, in crowdfunding, or in preproduction, but actually available when we started testing). Our first round of testing included the Eero, Luma, and Netgear Orbi kits, as well as both the HD and (now discontinued) standard versions of the Ampli. Fi kit. For our current round, we added the Linksys Velop, Google Wifi, Amped Ally, and Plume kits, as well as a thorough retesting of the Orbi and Eero kits, both of which had received new firmware promising markedly improved performance since the first time we tested them. A note on rated speeds. You shouldn’t get too excited about each device’s claimed speed class, such as AC3. AC1. 75. 0. These ratings refer to theoretical maximum ceilings defined in the abstract specifications of wireless protocols, and they have less to do with real- world performance than the biggest number on a compact car’s speedometer does. Honestly, it’s even worse than that: Your Civic will at least break 1. AC3. 20. 0” router won’t ever get close to a single gigabit per second, much less 3. Fast WiFi signal means to have faster and reliable downloading/uploading, video streaming, video/phone calling over internet, fast web browsing and many other. Get better signal, find free Wifi and see which operator is best in your location. Below is the screenshot of the wifi signal in my home. As you can see, those green lines represent my path.![]() Gbps. Test environment. For the objective tests—coverage and performance—we set up each kit’s units in a challenging home environment. ![]() ![]() The two- story, 3,5. What makes this such a tough house to cover adequately is the location of its network closet (where the Internet connection comes in), plus the foundation slab underneath half the top floor. For most of the bottom floor, a straight line to the base unit in the networking closet goes through the foundation slab—and in some cases, through several feet of packed earth underneath it—effectively killing any direct Wi- Fi signal. We tested latency and throughput in each of the four corners in both floors, as well as inside a parked car in the driveway outside. Ideally, we’d like to see an average latency of 1. However, we left several rogue signals in the house—including TVs, Roku boxes, and printers broadcasting their own ad- hoc networks—to do their usual useless and noisy things, just as they probably do in your home. The neighbors also kept their Wi- Fi networks going, which left somewhere in the vicinity of 3. SSIDs visible at any given time on the top floor. Testing methodology. Most network- performance tests you’ll find are conducted with a tool called i. Perf and recorded in megabits per second, as you see on speed- test websites and the bill from your ISP. I chose instead to measure using real- world network file sharing and to use megabytes per second—the numbers you’ll see when copying a file from one place to another. I chose to buck the testing trend because I believe in measuring where the pain is. In my experience, most people complaining about the speed of their network are disappointed at how long it takes to copy files between devices (measured in MB/s—if you want the Mbps equivalent, just multiply by 8). Most people complaining about the quality of their network are complaining about latency or dropped signals: when it takes a long time for something to happen after a click or a tap, videos keep pausing to buffer, or nothing happens at all. The best WiFi range extenders Keep the signal going and going. By Jonas DeMuro. For comparison, 2. Mbps is enough to watch a 4. K video on Netflix, but on file transfers that translates to a glacial 3. MB/s—about a tenth of the speed of a USB 2. ![]() ![]() ![]() Motor. World ! At Motor. World we have a large selection of vehicles, a knowledgeable finance department,expert technicians and all the parts you need for your vehicle. Our large inventory offers the latest 2. Explore our new inventory available at our dealerships to find the 2. 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